Lightning protection and earthing for outdoor equipment
The ceiling on lightning protection performance is set by earthing quality. The key points at installation are:
- Earth resistance: aim for under 4 ohms on an independent electrode. In high-resistivity soil, use multiple electrodes or an earth-enhancing compound, and measure and record the result after installation.
- Equipotential bonding: metal poles, enclosures, camera housings and protector earth terminals must all connect to the same earthing system, eliminating potential differences.
- Protector placement: install power protectors in the distribution board, and signal protectors at both the equipment end and the line end. Keep earth leads short, thick and straight to minimise inductive impedance.
- Earth conductor sizing: use at least 6 mm² copper, crimp connections securely and treat them for corrosion. Never daisy-chain several devices onto one earth conductor.
- Keep systems apart: maintain the specified separation from power system earthing and lightning rod earths to avoid back-flash and interference.
Record measured earth resistance, protector models and locations in the as-built pack so annual testing and maintenance have a baseline.